Professor PANG, Ming Fai

• Phenomenography, Variation Theory of Learning, Learning Study and Lesson Study
• Economics Education and Financial Education/Literacy 
• Curriculum & Pedagogy
• Classroom Research
• Comprehensive Review of DSS Schools

• Gambrinus Fellowship, Dortmund Technical University, Germany, 2016
• Carl and Thecia Lamberg's Visiting Fellowship, University of Gothenburg, Sweden, 2010

Externally-funded Research Grants Projects

1. Principal Investigator, Enhancing the financial literacy of junior secondary students through learning study and phenomenon-based learning, Quality Education Fund, 2020-22 (HK$1.62 million)
2. Co-investigator, Catering for students' diversities in the mathematics classroom, Swedish Research Council, 2019-22 (Principal Investigator: A/Prof. Robert Gunnarsson, Jönköping University, Sweden, SEK 1.16 million)
3. ,Co-investigator, Creating a deeper understanding of the semiotic resources used for meaning-making in physics and chemistry education: theoretical implications for the variation theory of learning, Swedish Research Council, 2017-2020 (Principal Investigator: Prof. Cedric Linder, Uppsala University, Sweden, SEK 5.948 million)
4. Co-investigator, Effects of visualisation method for education of building systems in architecture education, MOE Tertiary Education Research Fund, 2018-2019 (Principal Investigator: Dr. Lau Siu-Kit, National University of Singapore, Singapore, SGD 181,720). (completed)
5. Principal Investigator, No Parents Left Behind! - Parental education through mobile application platform for underprivileged working class parents, Quality Education Fund, 2016-17 (HK$0.52 million) (completed)
6. Principal Investigator, Enhancing the Financial Literacy of Young People, General Research Fund (GRF) Project, Hong Kong Research Grants Council, 2015-17 (HK$0.48 million) (completed)
7. Principal Investigator, Development of informal reasoning of junior secondary students through economic issues in the Life and Society curriculum, Contract Research by Education Bureau of Hong Kong SAR, China, 2012-2015 (HK$1.28 million) (completed)
8. Co-investigator, Provision of Support for Seconded Teachers under School Support Partners Scheme on Small Class Teaching, Hong Kong Education Bureau, 2013-14 ($0.5 million) (completed)
9. Co-investigator, Provision of Support for Seconded Teachers under School Support Partners Scheme on Small Class Teaching, Hong Kong Education Bureau, 2012-14 ($0.448 million) (completed)
10. Principal Investigator, Improving learning through systematic use of variation and invariance. Swedish Research Council, 2007-2013, SEK 525,000 (HK$ 0.65 million) (completed)
11. Co-investigator, Effects of similarities and differences between examples chosen to facilitate learning. Swedish Research Council, 2007-2013, SEK 1.38 million (HK$ 1.63 million) (completed)
12. Principal Investigator, The use of learning study to enhance domain-specific generic capability, Competitive Earmarked Research Grants (CERG), 2005-07 (HK$ 0.23 million) (completed)
13. Co-investigator, Quality education with Chinese as the medium of instruction, Quality Education Fund, 2000 (HK$ 21.3 million) (completed)
14. Co-investigator, Catering for individual differences – Building on variation, Education and Manpower Bureau, 2000 (HK$1.3 million) (completed)

Internally-funded Research Grants and Projects

1. Co-Principal Investigator, Beyond money: Positive impacts of financial education on student academic performance, Interdisciplinary KE Project Fund, 2016-18 (with Prof. C. Lin, Faculty of Business and Economics, HKU)
2. Principal Investigator, Acquisition of tone awareness in Mandarin Chinese tones by foreigners, Small Project Funding, 2015-17 (completed)
3. Principal Investigator, A tales of two theories of variation: Chinese mathematics teaching in Hong Kong and Shanghai, Faculty Research Fund, 2015-17 (completed)
4. Principal Investigator, Enhancing the culturally-responsive teaching efficacy of student teachers through international lesson studies, Faculty Teaching Development Grants, 2015-17 (completed)
5. Co-investigator, Exploring education for sustainable development in Hong Kong: A pilot study examining environmental attitudes of secondary school students, Seed Fund for Basic Research, 2015-16 (completed)
6. Principal Investigator, New Perspective in Parent Education, KE Impact Project Funding, 2013-14 (completed)
7. Principal Investigator, Promoting a new approach in parent education to Hong Kong teachers. Professor Shirley Grundy's Memorial Fund Knowledge Exchange Grants, 2013-14 (completed)
8. Principal Investigator, The role of variation and invariance in the teaching and learning of Mathematics, Seed Funding Programme for Basic Research, 2012 -14 (completed)
9. Principal Investigator, Conditions of learning - Differences in what students learn as a function of the way in which the learning content is structured, Small Project Funding, 2008-10 (completed)
10. Principal Investigator, Sustaining student teachers' professional knowledge base through learning study, Teaching Development Grants, 2008-10 (completed).
11. Principal Investigator, Design as artifact: Enhancing student teachers' professional competence through learning study, Leung Kau Kui Research and Teaching Endowment Fund – Teaching Grants, 2007-09 (completed).
12. Principal Investigator, Development of lesson studies in Sweden and the U.S.A.: A comparative study, Faculty Research Fund, 2007-09 (completed).
13. Principal Investigator, Modes of variation in pupils' apprehension of a threshold concept in Economics, Seed Funding Programme for Basic Research, 2007-09 (completed).
14. Principal Investigator, Improving student teachers' professional learning through the development of learning communities, Teaching Development Grants, 2006-2008 (completed).
15. Principal Investigator, An international study of academic growth and development of university teachers, Small Project Funding, 2005-07 (completed).
16. Principal Investigator, A study of university teachers' conceptions of their growth and development, Faculty Research Fund, 2005-07 (completed).
17. Principal Investigator, A study of the development of students' economic literacy through a learning study, Seed Funding Programme for Basic Research, 2005-07 (completed).
18. Principal Investigator, Using ‘learning study' as a model of collaborative practice: the Hong Kong case study, Faculty Research Fund, 2004-06 (completed).
19. Principal Investigator, A study of the development of a professional knowledge base for the teaching profession through a learning study, Seed Funding for New Staff, 2003-05 (completed)
20. Principal Investigator, The operationalization of information technology in Hong Kong schools: the case of Humanities subjects, Research Initiation Programme, 1998-99 (completed).
21. Principal Investigator, A study of the educational provision for the gifted students in local mainstream primary schools, Sik Sik Yuen Education Research Fund, 1998-99(completed).
22. Co-investigator, Evaluation of the learning effectiveness of portfolio building and students' self-directed learning in the new structure of the full time PGDE programme, Teaching Development Grants, 2005-07 (completed).
23. Co-investigator, Teacher educators' conceptualisations of teaching teachers, Seed Funding Programme for Basic Research, 2005-09 (completed).
24. Co-investigator, Evaluation of the learning effectiveness of portfolio building in the new structure of the full time PGDE programme, Small Project Funding, 2004-26 (completed).
25. Co-investigator, Project to cater for individual differences in Hong Kong primary schools, Seed Funding, 1999-2001 (completed).

Scholarly books and monographs

1. Lo, M. L., Pong, W. Y., Marton, F., Leung, A., Ko P. Y., Ng, F. P., Pang, M.F., Chik, P. M. P., Chan, S. S., & Tang, N. C. (2002). Catering for individual differences building on variation: the first findings. Hong Kong: In-service Teacher Education Program, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong.
2. Marton, F. & Tsui, A.B.M. with Chik, P.M., Ko, P.Y., Lo, M.L., Mok I.A.C., Ng, F.P., Pang, M.F., Pong, W.Y., Runesson, U. (2004). Classroom discourse and the space of learning. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Refereed journal articles, book chapters and other published papers

1. Lau, D.K., Joshi, N., & Pang, M.F. (2021). Visual instruction to enhance teaching of technical subject to design students.International Journal of Art & Design Education,  https://doi.org/10.1111/jade.12343
2. Joshi, N., Lau, SK., Pang, M.F., & Lau, S.S.Y. (2020). Clickers in class: Fostering higher cognitive thinking using ConcepTests in a large undergraduate class. Asia-Pacific Educational Reseacher, DOI: 10.1007/s40299-020-00525-x
3. Pang, M.F. (2019). Enhancing the generative learning of young people in the domain of financial literacy through learning study. International Journal for Lesson and Learning Studies, 8(3), 170-182.
4. Pang, M.F., & Runesson, U. (2019). The Learning study: recent trends and developments. International Journal for Lesson and Learning Studies, 8(3), 162-169.
5. To, K.K., & Pang, M.F. (2019). A study of variation theory to enhance students’ genre awareness and learning of genre features.  International Journal for Lesson and Learning Studies, 8(3), 183-195.
6. Maybee, C., Bruce, C.S., Lupton, M., & Pang, M.F. (2019). Informed learning design: teaching and learning through engagement with information. Higher Education Research and Development, 38(3), 579-593.
7. Pang, M.F. (2018). Aptitude-Treatment Interaction, Encyclopedia of Educational Research, Measurement, and Evaluation. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications
8. Pang, M.F., Bao, J., & Ki, W.W. (2017). ‘Bianshi’ and the Variation Theory of Learning: Illustrating Two Frameworks of Variation and Invariance in the Teaching of Mathematics . In: R. Huang & Y. Li (Eds.). Teaching and learning mathematics through variation: Confucian heritage meets Western theories (pp. 43-67). Rotterdam: Sense Publishers
9. Jackson, L., & Pang, M.F. (2017). Secondary students’ views of climate change in Hong Kong. International Research in Geographic and Environmental Education.
10. Pang, M.F., and Ki, W.W. (2016). Revisiting the idea of ‘critical aspects’. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 60(3), 323-336.
11. Pang M.F., Marton F., Bao J. & Ki W.W. (2016). Teaching to add three-digit numbers in Hong Kong and Shanghai: illustration of differences in the systematic use of variation and invariance, ZDM The International Journal on Mathematics Education, 48(4), 455-470.
12. Jackson, L., Pang, M.F., Brown, B., Cain, S., Dingle, C., & Bonebrake, T. (2016). Environmental Attitudes and Behaviors among Secondary Students in Hong Kong. International Journal of Comparative Education and Development, 18(2), 70-80
13. Pang, M.F. (2015). Enhancing the financial literacy of young people: A conceptual approach based on the variation theory of learning, In: C. Aprea, K. Breuer, P. Davies, B. Fuhrmann, N.K. Koh, J.S. Lopus and E. Wuttke (Eds.) International handbook on financial literacy (pp. 587-602), Springer: Singapore.
14. Pang, M.F., Marton, F., Cong, L., & Ki, W.W. (2015). Learning theory as a teaching resource: Enhancing students' understanding. In Burnard, P; Apelgren, BM & Cabaroglu, N (Eds.), Transformative teacher research: Theory and Practice for the C21st (pp. 13-24). Rotterdam: Sense Publishers
15. Pang, M.F. & Go, L. (2015). In-school parent education: new arguments for an old proposition. Learning: Research and Practce, 1(2), 122-132
16. Pang, M. F. (2014). A phenomenographic way of seeing and developing professional learning. In: S. Billett, C. Harteis and H. Gruber (Eds.).  International handbook of research in professional and practice-based learning (pp. 591-609), Springer: New York
17. Pang, M.F., & Marton, F. (2013). Interaction between the learners' initial grasp of the object of learning and the learning resource afforded. Instructional Science, 41 (6), 1065-1082
18. Marton, F. & Pang, M.F. (2013).Meanings are acquired from experiencing differences against a background of sameness, rather than from experiencing sameness against a background of difference: Putting a conjecture to the test by embedding it in a pedagogical tool. Frontier Learning Research, 1(1), 24-41
19. Pang, M.F., & Lo, M. L. (2012). Learning study: Helping teachers to use theory, develop professionally, and produce new knowledge to be shared. Instructional Science, 40(3), 589–606
20. Guo J., Pang M.F., Yang L. & Ding Y. (2012). Learning from comparing multiple examples: on the dilemma of "similar" or "different", Educational Psychology Review, 24 (2), 251-269
21. Guo, J.P., & Pang, M.F. (2011). Learning a mathematical concept from comparing examples: The importance of variation and prior knowledge. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 26(4), 495-525
22. Pang, M.F. (2010). Boosting financial literacy: Benefits from learning study. Instructional Science, 38(6), 659-677
23. Pang M.F., & Meyer J.H.F. (2010) Modes of variation in pupils' apprehension of a threshold concept In Economics. In J. H.F. Meyer, R. Land & C. Baillie (Eds.) (2010) Threshold concepts and transformational learning (pp. 365-282), Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Sense Publishers
24. Katyal, K.R., & Pang, M.F. (2010) Paradigms, perspectives and dichotomies amongst teacher educators in Hong Kong. Journal of Education for Teaching, 36(3), 319-332
25. Ki, W., Marton, F., & Pang, M.F. (2010) Learning tones, in F. Marton, S.K. Tse & and W. M. Cheung (Eds.) (2010) On the learning of Chinese (pp. 31-52). Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Sense Publishers
26. Marton, F., & Pang, M.F. (2008). The idea of phenomenography and the pedagogy for conceptual change. In S. Vosniadou (Ed.) (2008) International handbook of research on conceptual change (pp. 533-559). London: Routledge.
27. Pang, M.F., & Marton F. (2007).The paradox of pedagogy. The relative contribution of teachers and learners to learning. Iskolakultura, 1(1), 1-29.
28. Marton F., & Pang, M.F. (2006). On some necessary conditions of learning, The Journal of the Learning Sciences, 15(2), 193-220.
29. Pang, M.F. (2006). The use of learning Study to enhance teacher professional learning in Hong Kong, Teaching Education, 2006, 17(1), 27-42.
30. Chan C.K.K., & Pang, M.F. (2006). Editorial: Teacher collaboration in learning communities, Teaching Education, 17(1), 1-5.
31. Pang. M.F., Linder, C., & Fraser, D. (2006). Beyond lesson studies and design experiments: Using theoretical tools in practice and finding out how they work. International Review of Economic Education, 5(1), 28-45.
32. Linder, C., Fraser, D., & Pang, M.F. (2006). Using a variation approach to enhance Physics learning in a college classroom. The Physics Teacher, 44(9), 589-592.
33. Lo M.L., Chik P.M.P., & Pang, M.F. (2006). Patterns of variation in teaching the colour of light to Primary 3 students. Instructional Science, 34 (1), 1-19.
34. Lo M.L., Lo Fu Y.W., Chik P.P.M., & Pang, M.F. (2006), Two learning studies (in Chinese), In M. L. Lo, W.Y. Pong and P.P.M. Chik (Eds.). Catering for individual difference through learning studies. Beijing, China: Educational Science Publishing House.
35. Pang, M.F., &  Marton, F. (2005). Learning theory as teaching resource: Another example of radical enhancement of students' understanding of Economic aspects of the world around them. Instructional Science, 33(2), 159-191.
36. Pang, M.F. (2005). Bringing learning about in economics classroom: A learning study (in Chinese). In W.W. Ki, S.K. Tse & S.K. Shum (Eds.). Variation theory and the space of learning. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 51-63.
37. Lo M.L., Lo Fu Y.W., Chik P.P.M., & Pang, M.F. (2005), Two learning studies, In M. L. Lo, W.Y. Pong and P.P.M. Chik (Eds.). For each and everyone: Catering for individual difference through learning studies. Hong Kong, Hong Kong University Press, 2005, 75-116.
38. Lo. M.L., Marton, F., Pang, M.F., & Pong, W.Y. (2004) Towards a pedagogy of learning. In F. Marton and A.B.M. Tsui, with P. Chik, P.Y. Ko, M.L. Lo, I. Mok, D. Ng, M.F. Pang, W.Y. Pong and U. Runesson (2004). Classroom discourse and the space of learning, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum.
39. Pong, W.Y., & Pang, M.F. (2003). Employers' expectations of graduate employees: the Hong Kong scenario. In F. Achtenhagen & G. J. Ernst (eds.). Milestones in vocational and occupational education and training, 2 Vols. Bielefeld: Bertelsmann, pp. 283-295.
40. Pang, M.F. , & Marton, F. (2003). Beyond "lesson study" – Comparing two ways of facilitating the grasp of economic concepts. Instructional Science, 31 (3), 175-194.
41. Pang, M.F. (2003). Two faces of Variation – On continuity in the phenomenographic movement. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 47 (2), 145-156.

Conference and Working Papers

1. Pang, M.F. (2020). Enhancing the financial literacy of junior secondary students from underprivileged families through the learning study. World Association of Lesson Studies International Conference 2020, December 2-4, 2020. 
2. Pang, M.F. & Marton, F. (2017). Learning study, Chinese lesson study and the keys of learning. The 17th European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction Conference, Tampere, Finland, August 29-September 2, 2017
3. Go, L. & Pang, M.F. (2017). No Parents Left Behind! Enabling parental learning on a mobile phone app
   for working class families. The 17th European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction Conference, Tampere, Finland, August 29-September 2, 2017
4. Pang, M.F., &  Ki, W.W. (2015). Is there cultural limitation in interpreting the space of learning?, The 16th European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction Conference, Limassol, Cyprus, August 25-29, 2015
5. Pang, M.F., &  Ki, W.W. (2015). Differentiation and integration of phenomenographic research: Dialogue between two faces of variation, The 16th European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction Conference, Limassol, Cyprus, August 25-29, 2015
6. Go, L., & Pang, M.F. (2015). Reflexive parental learning on a mobile learning platform for the economically disadvantaged, The 16th European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction Conference, Limassol, Cyprus, August 25-29, 2015
7. Pang, M.F. (2015). Education for sustainable development: the role played by economics and financial education for ethnic minority groups, Research on education for sustainable development, Symposium on research on education for sustainable development, University of Gothenburg, May 2015
8. Pang, M.F., & Ki, W.W. (2015). What is a “critical aspect” in the variation theory of learning?, EARLI SIG 9 Conference “Disciplinary knowledge and necessary conditions of learning”, Oxford, United Kingdom, September 1-3, 2014
9. Pang, M.F., & Go, L. (2014). Pedagogical framework for parent education and conceptions of parental learning, The International Conference on Family and Society, Barcelona, Spain, September 24-25, 2014
10. Birke F., Pang M.F., &  Seeber G. (2014). Diagnosing students’ financial understanding, 20th Conference of the Association of European Economics Education, Aix-En-Provence, France, August 27-29, 2014
11. Pang, M.F. (2014). A comparative study of secondary school economics curriculum and teaching in the UK and Hong Kong, 20th Conference of the Association of European Economics Education, Aix-En-Provence, France, August 27-29, 2014
12. Ki W.W., Cheung W.M., Ng P.K., Wong, W.Y., Pang M.F., Lam H.C., & Marton F. (2014). Open software to enhance learners' discernment and connection of features of Chinese characters, Special Interest Group on Writing & Reading, International Association for the Improvement of Mother Tongue Education International Conference, Hong Kong SAR, China, June 2014
13. Go, L., Pang, M.F., & Fung, S.T. (2013). On some necessary conditions of parental learning. Paper presented at The World Association for Lesson Studies International Conference 2013, Gothenburg, Sweden, September 5-8, 2013.
14. Pang, M.F., & Marton, F. (2013). The accidental resurrection of the idea of ATI (aptitude-treatment interaction). Paper presented at The 14th European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction Conference, Munich, Germany, August 27-31, 2013.
15. Go, L., & Pang, M.F. (2013). Hong Kong parents' conceptions of learning in a parent education program. Paper presented at The 14th European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction Conference, Munich, German, August 27-31, 2013.
16. Go, L., & Pang, M.F. (2012). Parents' conceptions of learning in a parent education program: A basis of learning study for parent education. Paper presented at The World Association for Lesson Studies International Conference 2012, Singapore, November 28-30, 2012.
17. Pang, M.F., & Marton, F. (2009). Learning to handle money better. The 13th European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction Conference, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, August 24 – 29, 2009.
18. Pang, M.F., & Meyer, J.H.F. (2009). Exploring the modes of variation in pupils' apprehension of the threshold concept of opportunity cost in Economics. The 13th European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction Conference, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, August 24 – 29, 2009.
19. Pang, M.F. (2009). How can universities work with the secondary sector in an "integrated" system to better prepare students for University education? Invited Presentation for a panel presentation ‘From the Ground Up: General Education Reform in Hong Kong', at Association of American Colleges and Universities Annual Meeting 2009, Seattle, Washington, USA, January 21-24, 2009.
20. Pang, M.F., & Lo, M.L. (2008), The development of learning study in Hong Kong. The European Conference on Educational Research 2008, Gothenburg, Sweden, September 10-12, 2008.
21. Msonde, C. E., & Pang, M.F. (2008). Re-innovation of learner-centred approaches: Implementing a learning study in Tanzania schools. The European Conference on Educational Research 2008, Gothenburg, Sweden, September 10–12, 2008.
22. Pang, M.F. (2008). Using learning study grounded on variation theory to improve students' mathematical understanding. International Congress on Mathematics Education 11, Monterrey, Mexico, July 6 – 13, 2008.
23. Pang, M.F., & Meyer, J.H.F. (2008). Modes of variation in pupils' apprehension of a threshold concept in Economics, Threshold Concept Conference 2008, Kingston, Canada, June 18 - 20, 2008.
24. Pang, M.F., & Marton, F. (2007). Boosting financial awareness. The World Association of Lesson Studies International Conference 2007, Hong Kong, November 28-30, 2007.
25. Pang, M.F., & Marton F. (2007). The phenomenographic approach to the study of qualitative differences in learning, The 12th European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction Conference, Budapest, Hungary, August 28 - September 1, 2007.
26. Marton F., & Pang, M.F. (2007). Connecting Student Learning and Classroom Teaching Through The Variation Framework, The 12th European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction Conference, Budapest, Hungary, August 28 - September 1, 2007.
27. Marton F., & Pang, M.F. (2007). Two faces of variation revisited, The 12th European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction Conference, Budapest, Hungary, August 28 - September 1, 2007.
28. Lopez-Real F.J., Kwan T.Y.L., & Pang, M.F. (2007). The challenge of self-directed learning in a teacher education programme, The 12th European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction Conference, Budapest, Hungary, August 28 - September 1, 2007.
29. Pang, M.F., & Marton F. (2005). The paradox of pedagogy, the 11th European Association on Learning and Instruction Conference, Nicosia, Cyprus, August 23 - 27, 2005.
30. Pang, M.F., & Marton F. (2005). Learning theory as teaching resource: Another example of the radical enhancement of students' understanding of the economic aspects of the world around them, The 11th European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction Conference, Nicosia, Cyprus, August 23 - 27, 2005.
31. Marton F., & Pang, M.F. (2005). On some necessary conditions of learning, The 11th European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction Conference, Nicosia, Cyprus, August 23 - 27, 2005.
32. Pang, M.F. (2005). Curriculum leaders as communities of learners: An Asian perspective, 1st Global Conference - Leadership in Post School Education, Prague, Czech Republic, March 21 - 23, 2005.
33. Pang, M.F. (2004). Phenomenography, variation theory and learning study. Featured Presentation: Special Interest Group 9 Conference "Phenomenography and Variation Go to School", Gothenburg, Sweden, August 18-21, 2004.
34. Pang, M.F., Linder, C., & Fraser, D. (2004). Learning through variation Part Two: Exemplars situated in school Economics and university Physics. Proceedings of the 12th SAARMSTE Annual Conference, Cape Town, South Africa, January 13-16, 2004.
35. Fraser, D., Linder, C., & Pang, M.F. (2004). Learning through variation, Part One: A pedagogical tool. Proceedings of the 12th SAARMSTE Annual Conference, Cape Town, South Africa, January 13-16, 2004.
36. Pang, M.F. (2003). Beyond lesson studies and design experiments – Using theoretical tools in practice and finding out how they work. Paper Presented at the 10th European Conference for Research on Learning and Instruction, Padova, Italy, August 26- 31, 2003.
37. Lo, M. L., Chik, P.M., & Pang, M.F. (2003). Patterns of variation in teaching the colour of light to primary 3 students. Paper Presented at The 10th European Conference for Research on Learning and Instruction, Padova, Italy, August 26 - 31, 2003.
38. Pang, M.F. (2002). "On continuity in the phenomenographic movement". Proceedings of the international symposium "Current Issues in Phenomenography", held in Australian National University, Canberra, Australia. November 27-30, 2002

Works of fiction, consultancy reports, case studies, etc.

1. Lo, M. L., Pong, W. Y., Chik, P.M.P., Ko, P. Y., Leung, Y.L., Lo, Y.W., Marton, F., Ng, F. P., & Pang, M.F. (2003). Final report: Catering for individual differences--Building on variation, a research project commissioned by the Curriculum Development Institute, Hong Kong: Hong Kong Government.
2. Lo, M. L., Pong, W. Y., Marton, F., Ko, P. Y., Leung, Y. L. A., Ng, F. P. D., Pang, M.F., Chik, P. M. P., Chan, S. S. F., & Tang, N. C. A. (2002). Catering for individual differences - Building on variation 2nd annual report 2001-2002. Hong Kong: Curriculum Development Institute, Education Department.

Editorship or Editorial Membership of Scholarly Journals

• Associate Editor, Educational Research Review (SSCI journal ranked 5th of the 235 SSCI journals in the Education and Educational Research category in 2016, with an impact factor of 3.839) by Elsevier, 2010 - Present
• Co-Editor, International Journal of Lesson and Learning Studies, by Emerald, 2017 - Present
• Member of Editorial Board, Educational Research Review (SSCI Journal), by Elsevier, 2005 - Present.
• Founding Regional Editor, Vocations and Learning (SSCI Journal), by Springer, 2007 - 08
• Member of Editorial Board, Vocations and Learning SSCI Journal), by Springer, 2007 - 2018
• Member of Editorial Board, International Review of Economic Education, by Elsevier, 2012 - 2018
• Member of Editorial Board, International Journal of Lesson and Learning Studies, by Emerald, 2013 - Present
• Member of Editorial Board, Higher Education Research and Development (SSCI Journal), by Taylor & Francis, 2004 - 2012.
• Guest Editot of a Special Issue "The Learning study: recent trends and developments" for International Journal for Lesson and Learning Studies, 2019.
• Guest Editor of a Special Issue "Teacher Collaboration in Learning Communities" for Teaching Education, 2006.

Professional Services to Academic Communities

• Founding Council Member, The World Association of Lesson Studies, 2006 - Present
• Organiser and Chair of the symposium "Learning studies: East and West", The European Conference on Educational Research 2008, Gothenburg, Sweden, 2008.
• Invited Chairman, Organising Team for Topic Study Group 37 "New Trends in Mathematics Education Research" in 11th International Congress on Mathematical Education (ICME), 2008.
• Member, Organising Team for EARLI SIG 9 Phenomenography and Variation Theory Biennial Workshop "Implications of Phenomenography and Variation Theory", Kristianstad University, Sweden, 2007 - 08.
• Coordinator, Special Interest Group "Phenomenography and Variation Theory" of the European Association of Research on Learning and Instruction (EARLI), 2003 - 07.
• Chairman, Organising Committee, Special Interest Group 9 Biennial Workshop "Phenomenography And Variation Theory: The Ways Forward", Hong Kong SAR, China, 2006 - 07.
• Chairman Organising Committee, Special Interest Group 9 Biennial Conference "Phenomenography and Variation Theory Go to School", Gothenburg, Sweden, 2003 - 04.
• Chairman, Programme Sub-committee, ICET World Assembly 2004, 2003 - 04.
• Member, Organising Committee, ICET World Assembly 2004, 2003 - 04.
• Member, Publications Sub-committee, ICET World Assembly 2004, 2003 - 04

External Examiner of Higher Degree Thesis

• External Examiner of a PhD thesis for Australian National University, Australia, 2019
• External Examiner of a PhD thesis for University of Queensland of Technology, Australia, 2018
• External Committee Member of a PhD thesis for Seton Hall University, U.S.A., 2018
• External Examiner of a PhD thesis for National Institute of Education, Singapore, 2017
• External Examiner of a PhD Thesis for University of Sydney, Australia, 2014
• External Examiner of a PhD thesis for University of Saint Jospeh, Macau, 2013, 2015
• External Examiner of a PhD thesis for University of Queensland of Technology, Australia, 2012.
• External Examiner of a PhD thesis for University of British Columbia, Canada, 2011.
• External Examiner of an M. Phil. Thesis for University of Sydney, Australia, 2008
• External Examiner of a Ph.D. Thesis for Massey University, New Zealand, 2008.
• External Examiner of a Ph.D. Thesis for University of Cape Town, South Africa, 2007.
• External Examiner of a Ph.D. Thesis for Queensland University of Technology, Australia, 2002.